See cambium on Wiktionary
{
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cork cambium"
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"ref": ", Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147",
"text": "The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […]"
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"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kh₂em-",
"3": "",
"4": "to bend, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "camur"
},
"expansion": "Latin camur",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καμπή",
"3": "",
"4": "winding, bending; turn, change"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “winding, bending; turn, change”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκαμβός",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "camm",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish camm (“crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cam",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Welsh cam (“crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kamm",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Breton kamm (“crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "skimph",
"3": "",
"4": "joke, amusement, pastime"
},
"expansion": "Old High German skimph (“joke, amusement, pastime”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skumpa",
"3": "",
"4": "to limp"
},
"expansion": "Swedish skumpa (“to limp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Gaulish cambion, a yo-stem derivative of Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂mbós, *(s)kh₂mbós (“crooked”), ultimately a sound-symbolic or substrate-derived root, similar and perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”) and *kemp-; compare Latin camur, campus and Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “winding, bending; turn, change”).\nCognate with Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”), Old Irish camm (“crooked”), Welsh cam (“crooked”), Breton kamm (“crooked”), Old High German skimph (“joke, amusement, pastime”), Swedish skumpa (“to limp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambiī",
"links": [
[
"cambiī",
"cambii"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cambī",
"links": [
[
"cambī",
"cambi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cambium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiī",
"links": [
[
"cambiī",
"cambii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambī",
"links": [
[
"cambī",
"cambi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiōrum",
"links": [
[
"cambiōrum",
"cambiorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiō",
"links": [
[
"cambiō",
"cambio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiīs",
"links": [
[
"cambiīs",
"cambiis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiō",
"links": [
[
"cambiō",
"cambio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiīs",
"links": [
[
"cambiīs",
"cambiis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cambium<2>"
},
"expansion": "cambium n (genitive cambiī or cambī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cambium<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 24 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 14 26 35 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "la:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a change"
],
"id": "en-cambium-la-noun-rrMD8kNz",
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) a change"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cambium"
],
"id": "en-cambium-la-noun-x85nx2RX",
"links": [
[
"cambium",
"cambium#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, New Latin) cambium"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkam.bi.um]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "cambium n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cambiu"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of cambiu"
],
"id": "en-cambium-ro-noun-nnLxghv0",
"links": [
[
"cambiu",
"cambiu#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la-lat:cambium",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kh₂em-?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos\nProto-Celtic *kambosder.\nGaulish cambionbor.\nLate Latin cambiumbor.\nSpanish cambium\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"bent, crooked\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)ḱh₂embos\", \"gloss\" : \"crooked\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"to arc\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kh₂em-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*kambos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"cambion\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"cambium\">\nBorrowed from Late Latin cambium.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cambio"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cambio",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kh₂em-?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos\nProto-Celtic *kambosder.\nGaulish cambionbor.\nLate Latin cambiumbor.\nSpanish cambium\nBorrowed from Late Latin cambium. Doublet of cambio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambiums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cámbium",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cambium m (plural cambiums)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧bium"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cam‧bium"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "es:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cambium"
],
"id": "en-cambium-es-noun-x85nx2RX",
"links": [
[
"cambium",
"cambium#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cambiar"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkambjum/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkãm.bjũm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ambjum"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl"
},
"expansion": "Internationalism",
"name": "internationalism"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cambium"
},
"expansion": "English cambium",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Internationalism; see English cambium.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambia",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "cambia",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "cambium n (plural cambia, no diminutive)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch internationalisms",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"nl:Botany",
"nl:Plant tissues"
],
"glosses": [
"cambium"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "meristeem"
}
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"cambium",
"cambium#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) cambium"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-diminutive"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-cambium.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Nl-cambium.ogg/Nl-cambium.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Nl-cambium.ogg"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Gaulish",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æmbiəm",
"Rhymes:English/æmbiəm/3 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cork cambium"
},
{
"word": "pericambium"
},
{
"word": "procambium"
},
{
"word": "wound cambium"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "cambium",
"t": "a change"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin cambium (“a change”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "change"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of change",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin cambium (“a change”), from Gaulish. Doublet of change.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambiums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "s",
"3": "cambia"
},
"expansion": "cambium (countable and uncountable, plural cambiums or cambia)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Botany"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "meristem"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
63
]
],
"ref": "1863, Harland Coultas, What may be learned from a tree:",
"text": "During winter we perceive no change in the cells of the cambium layer, which are filled with nutritive matter […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"layer",
"layer"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
],
[
"xylem",
"xylem"
],
[
"phloem",
"phloem"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
],
[
"root",
"root"
],
[
"stem",
"stem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Periosteum, a membrane that covers the outer surface of bones"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"Periosteum",
"periosteum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Periosteum, a membrane that covers the outer surface of bones"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147",
"text": "The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the humours formerly believed to nourish the bodily organs."
],
"links": [
[
"humours",
"humours"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One of the humours formerly believed to nourish the bodily organs."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkambɪəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkeə̯m.biˌəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæm.biˌəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmbiəm"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "kámbij",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ка́мбий"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cambium"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"word": "jälsi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cambium"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "kámvio",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κάμβιο"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"word": "kambium"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"word": "jäns"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cambio"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kambium"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "câmbio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cambiu"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "kámbij",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ка́мбий"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kambium"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"word": "cambium"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"word": "bayluhing suson"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "botanical cell layer",
"word": "bayluhan"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la-lat:cambium"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"bent, crooked\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)ḱh₂embos\", \"gloss\" : \"crooked\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"to arc\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kh₂em-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*kambos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"cambion\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"cambium\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "cambium"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Late Latin cambium",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin cambium.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambiums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cambium m (plural cambiums)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Gaulish",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kh₂em-",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"cambium"
],
"links": [
[
"cambium",
"cambium#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑ̃.bjɔm/"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kh₂em-",
"Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation only",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cambiō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cambium"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cambium"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "cambio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "cambio"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "câmbio"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cambio"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cambium"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cel-gau:cambion"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"bent, crooked\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)ḱh₂embos\", \"gloss\" : \"crooked\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"to arc\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kh₂em-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*kambos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"cambion\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cambium\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "cambion"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish cambion",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kambos",
"t": "twisted, crooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)ḱh₂mbós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂mbós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"nocap": "1",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "sound-symbolic",
"name": "sound-symbolic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kh₂em-",
"3": "",
"4": "to bend, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "camur"
},
"expansion": "Latin camur",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καμπή",
"3": "",
"4": "winding, bending; turn, change"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “winding, bending; turn, change”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκαμβός",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "camm",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish camm (“crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cam",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Welsh cam (“crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kamm",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Breton kamm (“crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "skimph",
"3": "",
"4": "joke, amusement, pastime"
},
"expansion": "Old High German skimph (“joke, amusement, pastime”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skumpa",
"3": "",
"4": "to limp"
},
"expansion": "Swedish skumpa (“to limp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Gaulish cambion, a yo-stem derivative of Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂mbós, *(s)kh₂mbós (“crooked”), ultimately a sound-symbolic or substrate-derived root, similar and perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”) and *kemp-; compare Latin camur, campus and Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “winding, bending; turn, change”).\nCognate with Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”), Old Irish camm (“crooked”), Welsh cam (“crooked”), Breton kamm (“crooked”), Old High German skimph (“joke, amusement, pastime”), Swedish skumpa (“to limp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambiī",
"links": [
[
"cambiī",
"cambii"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cambī",
"links": [
[
"cambī",
"cambi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cambium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiī",
"links": [
[
"cambiī",
"cambii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambī",
"links": [
[
"cambī",
"cambi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiōrum",
"links": [
[
"cambiōrum",
"cambiorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiō",
"links": [
[
"cambiō",
"cambio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiīs",
"links": [
[
"cambiīs",
"cambiis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiō",
"links": [
[
"cambiō",
"cambio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cambiīs",
"links": [
[
"cambiīs",
"cambiis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cambium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cambia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cambium<2>"
},
"expansion": "cambium n (genitive cambiī or cambī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cambium<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"a change"
],
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) a change"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin",
"New Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"cambium"
],
"links": [
[
"cambium",
"cambium#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, New Latin) cambium"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkam.bi.um]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "cambium n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cambiu"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of cambiu"
],
"links": [
[
"cambiu",
"cambiu#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la-lat:cambium",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kh₂em-?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos\nProto-Celtic *kambosder.\nGaulish cambionbor.\nLate Latin cambiumbor.\nSpanish cambium\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"bent, crooked\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)ḱh₂embos\", \"gloss\" : \"crooked\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"to arc\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kh₂em-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*kambos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"cambion\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"cambium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"cambium\">\nBorrowed from Late Latin cambium.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cambio"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cambio",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kh₂em-?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos\nProto-Celtic *kambosder.\nGaulish cambionbor.\nLate Latin cambiumbor.\nSpanish cambium\nBorrowed from Late Latin cambium. Doublet of cambio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cambiums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cámbium",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cambium m (plural cambiums)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧bium"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cam‧bium"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cambiar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ambjum",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ambjum/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Gaulish",
"Spanish terms derived from Late Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kh₂em-",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"cambium"
],
"links": [
[
"cambium",
"cambium#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkambjum/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkãm.bjũm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ambjum"
}
],
"word": "cambium"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cambium meaning in All languages combined (21.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.